
In this course, you will learn the mathematical foundations of distributed consensus as well as how to construct consensus protocols and prove them secure. We will motivate distributed consensus with a modern narrative, and yet we will cover the classical theoretical foundations of consensus. We will cover both classical, permissioned consensus protocols, as well as modern,permissionless consensus protocols such as Bitcoin.



Learn the mathematical foundations of distributed consensus as well as how to construct consensus protocols and prove them secure.

Foundations of Distributed Consensus and Blockchains


In non-technical terms, this book explains Digital Contracts: legally enforceable smart contracts that anyone can read.

You do NOT need prior knowledge about blockchains.

The book outlines the concept, gives examples, provides links to online tools that help to write, sign, deploy and manage digital contracts on the blockchain. Lexon’s grammar, vocabulary and document structure are illustrated. Lexon's paradigm is explained, including how it differs from other programming languages, staying closer to human thought. Lexon’s relationship to Computational Law and AI is discussed and applications and benefits are detailed. The appendix lists notable steps towards human-readability by other programming languages, complemented with notes on constructed human languages.


In non-technical terms, this book explains Digital Contracts: legally enforceable smart contracts that anyone can read.

Lexon: Digital Contracts


Darksols presents a series of Solana security puzzles that progressively test your understanding of smart contract vulnerabilities and exploitation techniques. The challenge is designed to simulate complex security scenarios you might encounter in production environments.

## Challenge Goals

- Identify and exploit complex vulnerabilities in Solana contracts
- Understand advanced program security concepts
- Learn about intricate account relationships and validation
- Develop sophisticated exploit chains for smart contract vulnerabilities

Originally presented at justCTF 2022, this challenge provides a comprehensive test of your Solana security knowledge, requiring both analytical thinking and creative exploitation approaches to overcome its intentionally vulnerable smart contracts. 

Navigate through multiple security puzzles in this Solana smart contract exploitation challenge.

Darksols


The HalbornCTF Solana challenges are created by professional security auditors at Halborn, a blockchain security firm. These challenges reflect real-world vulnerabilities discovered during professional audits, presented in an educational format.

## Challenge Goals

- Learn about security issues from professional auditors' perspectives
- Understand common vulnerabilities identified in production code
- Develop practical skills for identifying security flaws
- Practice exploitation techniques used in professional security assessments

These challenges provide a unique opportunity to learn from security professionals who audit Solana contracts for a living, offering insights into the methods and approaches used by professional security researchers when analyzing smart contract security. 

A series of security challenges designed by professional auditors at Halborn to test Solana smart contract security knowledge.

HalbornCTF Solana


These Solana CTF challenges help you learn smart contract security by finding and exploiting vulnerabilities. The collection includes challenges from various competitions and workshops, covering different security concepts in the Solana ecosystem.

## Available Challenges

- **Neodyme Workshop Levels 1-4**: A progressive series of challenges teaching Solana security fundamentals
- **Secret Store**: Learn about data privacy vulnerabilities
- **Legit Bank**: Explore financial contract security issues
- **Bugchain**: Find and exploit bugs in a blockchain implementation
- **Solfire**: Solana contract exploitation challenge
- **Darksols**: Smart contract security puzzle
- **Halborn CTF**: Security challenges from Halborn
- **Moar Horse 5**: Program exploitation challenge
- **Cashio Exploit Workshop**: Based on a real-world exploit
- **Solhana 1-3**: Series of progressive security challenges
- **Pool**: Advanced contract exploitation puzzle
- **League of Lamports**: Account security challenge

Each challenge simulates real-world vulnerabilities to help you understand common security pitfalls when developing on Solana. 

A collection of Solana Capture The Flag (CTF) challenges to learn smart contract security by finding and exploiting vulnerabilities.

Neodyme Solana CTF Challenges


This workshop teaches Solana smart contract security from an attacker's perspective. By finding and exploiting vulnerabilities in prepared contracts, you'll learn to write more secure code and understand what to watch out for.

## Workshop Challenges

- **Level 1 - Personal Vault**: Discover authorization vulnerabilities in a simple vault contract
- **Level 2 - Secure Personal Vault**: Learn about program-derived addresses and security checks
- **Level 3 - Tip Pool**: Find issues in shared funds management
- **Level 4 - SPL-Token Vault**: Explore token-specific security concerns

The workshop provides a simplified framework for creating proof-of-concept exploits, making it accessible even if you're new to Solana security. Each level comes with optional hints if you get stuck. 

Learn Solana smart contract security through hands-on vulnerability exploits in this workshop from Neodyme.

Neodyme Workshop Level 1-4


Solfire is a focused security challenge that tests your ability to identify and exploit vulnerabilities in Solana programs. The challenge simulates real-world security issues commonly found in production smart contracts.

## Challenge Goals

- Identify common vulnerabilities in Solana contract implementations
- Develop exploit techniques specific to the Solana runtime
- Understand program validation and security checks
- Learn about secure program architecture

Originally presented at picoCTF, this challenge helps you build practical skills for auditing and securing Solana smart contracts, with a focus on practical exploitation techniques relevant to real-world scenarios. 

Test your Solana contract exploitation skills in this focused security challenge.

Solfire


Solhana is a series of three progressive challenges that explore different types of vulnerabilities in Solana smart contracts. Each level increases in complexity, introducing new security concepts and exploitation techniques.

## Challenge Goals

- Learn about various vulnerability classes in Solana programs
- Understand how different attack vectors can be exploited
- Progress through increasing levels of security complexity
- Develop a comprehensive understanding of Solana security principles

Originally presented at Paradigm CTF, this challenge series offers a structured approach to learning Solana security, making it ideal for developers who want to systematically improve their understanding of smart contract vulnerabilities and exploitation techniques. 

A progressive series of Solana security challenges focusing on different vulnerability types in smart contracts.

Solhana 1-3


This crash course will teach you how to use Anchor, the most popular framework for Solana smart contracts. Learn about program structure, account validation, testing, and deployment. Perfect for developers looking to build robust Solana dApps quickly. 

A practical course to master the Anchor framework for Solana smart contract development.

Anchor Framework Crash Course

 

Upskill yourself with a new way of learning blockchain technology with DApp World's interactive courses packed with lessons, guides and hands-on-exercises.

Courses to upskill in the Blockchain domain.

DApp World


- Intensive, remote live courses and teaching.
- 50 person cohorts, daily sessions, weekly homework and projects, mentorship and support.
- You get placed in a crypto job after successfully completing a bootcamp!


Encode Club Bootcamps


We are building an open, peer-to-peer, lifelong network of awesome humans, one block at a time. Each block accommodates 250 individuals and runs for 8 weeks. 

Web3 educational community offering educational programs.

Kernel

This is a reference repo to help you get started with writing zero-knowledge circuits with Noir

Noir Starters


The easiest way to integrate succinct verifiable on-chain computation using hidden information in custom applications that execute on a credibly-neutral immutable public ledger.

Essentially, it's zero knowledge for those with zero knowledge.

zero knowledge for those with zero knowledge

zk-starter


## Overview

Anchor is a framework for Solana's Sealevel runtime that provides several developer-friendly tools for writing secure Solana programs. This tutorial introduces Anchor and walks through building your first program.

Key topics covered:

- Setting up your development environment for Anchor
- Understanding Anchor's programming model and account validation
- Creating a simple program with instructions and accounts
- Using Anchor's client libraries for testing and frontend integration
- Deploying and interacting with your Anchor program
- Best practices for secure program development with Anchor

Anchor significantly reduces the boilerplate needed for Solana program development, handling serialization, account validation, and error management for you. By the end of this tutorial, you'll understand how to leverage Anchor to build complex applications quickly and securely. 

Learn how to use Anchor, the popular Rust framework that simplifies Solana program development with safer abstractions and a modern developer experience.

Building Solana Programs with Anchor Framework


## Overview

In this tutorial, you'll learn how to integrate with the Orca DEX on Solana. We'll walk through creating a basic integration that performs token swaps using Orca's concentrated liquidity pools.

Here's what we'll accomplish:

- Set up a development environment for Solana and Orca integration
- Run a local Solana validator for testing
- Write code to perform token swaps on Orca using TypeScript SDK
- Test your integration against Devnet

This guide is perfect for developers who want to add DeFi functionality to their Solana applications. 

Learn how to integrate with Orca, one of Solana's leading decentralized exchanges. This guide walks you through setting up a development environment and creating your first swap integration.

Building Your First Orca DEX Integration on Solana


## Overview

Deploying programs to the Solana blockchain requires understanding several key concepts and tools. This comprehensive guide walks through the entire deployment process from local development to mainnet.

Key topics covered:

- Setting up your local development environment with Soldev
- Building and testing your program locally
- Deploying to Solana devnet for integration testing
- Managing program upgrades and deployment authorities
- Using Buffer accounts for secure deployment
- Working with Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)
- Troubleshooting common deployment issues
- Verifying your program on Solana Explorer
- Best practices for mainnet deployment and security

While Solana program deployment is more complex than on some other blockchains, it offers powerful features like seamless upgrades and better security models. This guide will help you navigate the process confidently and deploy reliable, secure programs to the Solana network. 

Learn the complete workflow for deploying Solana programs to devnet and mainnet, including local development, testing, upgradeability, and best practices.

Comprehensive Guide to Deploying Solana Programs

In this article, and the subsequent series, I will be sharing what I have learnt about one of ZKP protocols and one in particular — zkSNARK Groth16.

Under the hood of zkSNARK Groth16 protocol


A curated list of awesome StarkNet resources, libraries, tools and more

#smart contracts

🏆 Neodyme Solana CTF Challenges

🏆 Neodyme Workshop Level 1-4

🎓 Anchor Framework Crash Course

💻 Building Solana Programs with Anchor Framework